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Sylvia Plath 西尔薇亚·普拉斯

Sylvia Plath 西尔薇亚·普拉斯 生平简介
1932年出生在马萨诸塞州牙买加平原的中产阶级家庭的普拉斯,在8岁就发表了第一首诗歌。她是一个敏感性情的人,有点完美主义倾向,使她成为许多人认为的一个时髦女儿、一个受人喜爱总拿最佳奖学金的优秀学生。她在1950年获得史密斯大学助学奖金,甚至招来一大群人的嫉妒。在史密斯求学期间,她创作了四百多首诗歌。
然而,表面上看起来完美的她,背后却总会跳出一些黯淡色调,这些情绪或许缘于在她8岁时父亲(一个昆虫学者)的逝世。在大学三年级结束的那个夏天,普里斯第一次企图服食过量安眠药自杀(几乎成功)。这段经历被写入她的自传体小说《钟型瓶》(The Bell Jar,1963年出版)。经过一段时间的复健,通过电击疗法和精神治疗,她曾一度继续获得学业及文学上的成功。1955年史密斯以最高荣誉毕业后,她顺利地获得富布莱特法案基金奖继续在英国剑桥大学求学。
1956年她嫁给了英国诗人休斯(Ted Hughes),1960年她28岁时在英国出版了第一本诗集《巨人》(The Colossus)。诗集中的诗歌很明显地展现了她追求学徒生涯的付出,仅仅贯穿了一种她写于1961年前期诗歌的风格。她和休斯短暂地逗留在英国德文郡一个乡村。可惜,在第一个孩子出世后不久,他们不到两年的婚姻就破裂了。
大约在1962或1963年,本世纪最寒冷的一个冬天,普拉斯和她的两个孩子居住在伦敦一个小平房,流感几乎让她崩溃。似乎生活上的困难加强了她对写作的需要,她常常工作到早上4点与8点之间,在孩子醒来之前。她有时候是一天完成一篇诗稿。在她生命结束前最后的一些作品,好似某些深沉强大的自我占据了对她的控制。这些诗歌里,如残酷的物资引诱和精神苦痛的死亡几乎随手可及。
1963年2月11日,30岁的西尔薇亚·普拉斯用煤气结束了自己的生命。死后两年,《精灵》(Ariel)——一部收入她生命遗留时期创作的诗歌集子出版了。随后,1971年《涉水》(Crossing the Water)、1972年《冬日树》(Winter Trees) 和1981年《诗歌选集》(The Collected Poems)相继问世,编辑者不是别人,正是休斯本人。
翻译自网上英文资料。
Sylvia Plath 的诗歌两首
A Better Resurrection
I have no wit, I have no words, no tears;
My heart within me like a stone
Is numbed too much for hopes or fears;
Look right, look left, I dwell alone;
A lift mine eyes, but dimmed with grief
No everlasting hills I see;
My life is like the falling leaf;
O Jesus, quicken me.
Sylvia Plath
一次彻底重生
我没智慧,我没话语,没泪水;
我体内的心脏如一石
麻痹了,因过多的希望、恐惧;
左右瞧瞧,我孑然一身;
一旦抬起眼睛,却黯然神伤
瞧不见永恒的巅峰;
我的生命像片落叶;
噢,耶稣,拯救我。
西尔薇亚·普拉斯
A Birthday Present
What is this, behind this veil, is it ugly, is it beautiful?
It is shimmering, has it breasts, has it edges?
I am sure it is unique, I am sure it is what I want.
When I am quiet at my cooking I feel it looking, I feel it thinking
'Is this the one I am too appear for,
Is this the elect one, the one with black eye-pits and a scar?
Measuring the flour, cutting off the surplus,
Adhering to rules, to rules, to rules.
Is this the one for the annunciation?
My god, what a laugh!'
But it shimmers, it does not stop, and I think it wants me.
I would not mind if it were bones, or a pearl button.
I do not want much of a present, anyway, this year.
After all I am alive only by accident.
I would have killed myself gladly that time any possible way.
Now there are these veils, shimmering like curtains,
The diaphanous satins of a January window
White as babies' bedding and glittering with dead breath. O ivory!
It must be a tusk there, a ghost column.
Can you not see I do not mind what it is.
Can you not give it to me?
Do not be ashamed--I do not mind if it is small.
Do not be mean, I am ready for enormity.
Let us sit down to it, one on either side, admiring the gleam,
The glaze, the mirrory variety of it.
Let us eat our last supper at it, like a hospital plate.
I know why you will not give it to me,
You are terrified
The world will go up in a shriek, and your head with it,
Bossed, brazen, an antique shield,
A marvel to your great-grandchildren.
Do not be afraid, it is not so.
I will only take it and go aside quietly.
You will not even hear me opening it, no paper crackle,
No falling ribbons, no scream at the end.
I do not think you credit me with this discretion.
If you only knew how the veils were killing my days.
To you they are only transparencies, clear air.
But my god, the clouds are like cotton.
Armies of them. They are carbon monoxide.
Sweetly, sweetly I breathe in,
Filling my veins with invisibles, with the million
Probable motes that tick the years off my life.
You are silver-suited for the occasion. O adding machine-----
Is it impossible for you to let something go and have it go whole?
Must you stamp each piece purple,
Must you kill what you can?
There is one thing I want today, and only you can give it to me.
It stands at my window, big as the sky.
It breathes from my sheets, the cold dead center
where split lives congeal and stiffen to history.
Let it not come by the mail, finger by finger.
Let it not come by word of mouth, I should be sixty
By the time the whole of it was delivered, and to numb to use it.
Only let down the veil, the veil, the veil.
If it were death
I would admire the deep gravity of it, its timeless eyes.
I would know you were serious.
There would be a nobility then, there would be a birthday.
And the knife not carve, but enter
Pure and clean as the cry of a baby,
And the universe slide from my side.
Sylvia Plath
生日礼物
这是什么,布巾后藏着,是丑陋,还是美丽?
它闪着光,它有胸膛、有棱角么?
我断定它独一无二。我断定它是我所要的。
当我安静的烹饪时,我觉得它在看,我觉得它在想。
"这也就是我为之存在的那个么,
这就是选中的那个——有乌黑眼窝和一道胎记的那个么?
秤算面粉量,除去多余,
遵照规格、规格、规格。
这就是天使报喜日的那个么?
上帝,多可笑!"
可它发光,它没停下,我想它需要我。
我不在乎它是堆骨头或是一粒珍珠母钮扣。
总之,这一年,我对这份礼物不过分期望。
我毕竟还是意外活过来了。
那时,我多乐意以任何可能的方式自杀。
而今有了这布巾,像帘子一样闪光。
这一月里的窗台上透亮的绸缎
白净地如婴孩的睡眠,熠熠着死亡的呼吸。噢,象牙!
那必定是一暴牙——鬼魂的柱子。
你看不出么,我不在乎它是什么?
你不能把它给我么?
别羞愧——我不在乎如果它就一点点。
那不意味,我能应付庞大。
让我们坐下围着它,各一边,欣赏这光泽,
这釉亮,这镜化万变的它。
让我们用如医院餐具一样的它享用最后的晚餐。
我知道你为什么不愿把它给我。
你恐惧。
这个世界将在一声尖叫中毁灭,还有你的脑袋任它,
掌控、耍赖,一块古盾牌,
一个奇迹,相对你的宝贝子孙。
别害怕,并非如此。
我仅仅带着它安静地走开。
最后你甚至听不到我打开它,没纸沙沙声
没散落的缎带,没叫声。
我想你不会把裁决权归于我。
如你仅知道这布巾怎么消磨我的时光。
对你,它们不过是幻片、晴空。
可上帝,云朵好似棉花。
它们的军团。是一氧化碳。
美美地、美美地吸入。
填充我的血脉,无形地,用尽百万
似的尘埃,嘀嗒得从我生命中剥夺岁月。
你银装会宴。哦,时间机——
为你,那可能么?让一些离开,让它变成整个?
你必须狠踩每块紫色,
你必须尽可能干掉?
今天我仅需一件,只有你能把它给我。
它站在我的窗台,大如天空。
它喘气从我的床单,阴冷死穴
那儿破碎的生活复合,凝固成历史。
别让它通过手传手的邮件到来。
别让它通过嘴中话到来,我该六十岁。
到那时整个的它被送来,麻木地耗费它。
如果它是死亡,
请放下布巾、布巾、布巾。
我将敬仰它深沉的庄重,它永恒的目光。
我将知道你的肃穆。
于是那将是尊贵,那将是生日。
刀不再篆刻,而是刺入。
纯洁净化如婴孩啼哭。
宇宙从我身边滑过。
西尔薇亚·普拉斯 |
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